حوزه عمومی - منابع و ماخذ

[1] Strukturwandel ‎der Öffentlichkeit

[2] idealtypisch

[3] micro-public sphere

[4] meso-pubic ‎sphere

[5] macro-public sphere

[6] hypertext

[7] mediated

[8]media capital

[9] News ‎Corporation International

[10] Daniel Dayan and Elihu Katz (1992); Daniel Hallin ‎‎(1994)

[11] Nightlin

[12] packet switching

[13] Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)

[14] host ‎‎

[15]‎این آمار مربوط به سال 1995 است ـ م‏‎. 

[16] Krol, ‎‎1994

[17]The Association for Progressive Communications (APC)

[18]Netizens

[19]Habermas, 1976.

[20]Sonia Livingstone and Peter Lung, ‎‎1994.

[21]Keane, 1984

[22]Oskar Negt and Alexander Kluge, Öffentlichkeit und ‎Erfahrung, 1972.

[23]Keane, 1988, 1991.

[24]nonfoundationalist

[25]de-‎territorialization

[26]Local Area Networks, LANs

[27]Metropolitan Area Networks, ‎MANs

[28]Wide Area Networks, WANs

[29]John Dewey, The Public and Its Problems, ‎‎1927

[30] The Public and Its Problems, p. 142.

[31] Robert Bellah, ‎‎1967

[32] Henri Lefebvre, 1974

[33] Henri Lefebvre, 1974, p. ‎‎116.

[34]Harold Innis, 1951.

Reference

Bellah, R. ‎N. (1967) Civil religion in America.Daedalus 96 (Winter), 1 -21.

Dayan, D. and Katz, E. (1992)Media Events: The Live Broadcasting of ‎History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Dewey, J. ‎‎(1927) The Public and Its Problems. New York: H. Holt and Co

Fiske, J. (1933) Power Plays, Power Works. London: Verson.

Friedland, L. A. (1992) Covering the World: International Television News ‎Services. New York: Twentieth Century Fund.

Habermas, J. (1976) ‎Was heisst Universalpragmatik?, in K. O. Apel (ed.) Spachpragmatick und Philosophie. ‎‎Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.

Hallin, D. C. (1994) We Keep ‎America on Top of the World: Television, Journalism and the Public Sphere. London and New ‎York: Routledge.

Innis, H. (1951) The Bias of Communication. ‎‎Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Jaspers, K. (1969) ‎‎Philosophy is for Everyman: A Short Course in “Philosophical Thinking. New York: ‎Harcourt, Brace and World

Keane, J. (1984) Public Life and Late ‎Capitalism: Toward a Socialist Theory of Democracy. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge ‎University Press.

Keane, J. (1988) Democracy and Civil Society: On ‎the Predicaments of European Socialism, the Prospects for Democracy, and the Problem of ‎Controlling Social and Political Power. London: Verso.

Kean, J. ‎‎(1991) Media and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Krol, E. ‎‎(1994) The Whole Internet: Users’ Guide and Catalogue. Sebastopol, CA: O’Realy and ‎Associates.

Lefebvre, H. (1974) La production de l’espace. ‎‎Paris : Editions Anthropos.

Livingstone, S. and Lunt, P. ‎‎(1994)Talk on Television: Audience Participation and Public Debate. London: ‎Routledge

Mellucci, A. (1989) Nomads of the Present: Social ‎Movements and Individual Needs in Contemporary Society. In P. Mier and J. Keane (eds). ‎London and Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Negt, O. and Kluge, ‎A. (1972) Öffentlichkeit und Erfahrung: Zur Organisationanalyse von bürgerlicher und ‎proletarischer Öffentlichkeit. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp

Nelson, T. H. (1987) Computer Lib; Dream Machines. Redmond, WA: ‎Tempus Books

Provenso, E. F. (1991) Video Kids: Making Sense of ‎Nintedo.Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press.

Wittgenstein, L. (1958) Philosophical Investigations. G. Anscombe and ‎R. Rhees (eds). Oxford: Blackwell